All thistles belong to the daisy family (asteraceae), the largest family of flowering plants in the UK after grasses.The flower heads are made up of a number of individual flowers or florets giving rise to this family being called “composites”. Your email address will not be published. The flowers are a rich nectar source used by numerous pollinating insects, including honey bees, wool-carder bees, and many butterflies. The monarch butterfly and other larger-sized butterflies can feed easily from the flowers due to their large size. Spear thistle’s form of defence is the most aggressive in Finland: strong, needle-sharp spines on both the leaf-blade margins and along the winged stem, the capitula’s involucral bracts end with a sting and even the surface of the leaves is covered in delicate spines. Cirsium vulgare (bull thistle, common thistle, or spear thistle) is listed as a noxious weed in nine US states. 5:209 (1835-36). Scientific name: Cirsium vulgare. It flowers between July and September, producing sweet smelling purple flowers on top of a spiky stalk, the flowers being very attractive to bumble bees. purple-red, Jan to Dec. Weed of … On my daily walks to the local marshy stream by a large meadow, a cluster of Bull thistles has recently burst into brilliant purple-pink flower. User-friendly keys and fact sheets to pests, pollinators and invasive plants of East Africa produced under the UVIMA Project. Compositae---Parts Used---Root, leaves. thistle has been identified in Oregon only since 1987, purple/Iberian starthistle since 1993. The flowerheads are 2 … Rights Royalty Free Rights Managed. Spear Thistle. THISTLE, SPEAR Botanical: Carduus lanceolatus Family: N.O. Spear thistle is a tall biannual species, the flowering stem typically grows to 30cm – 1m in height usually in the second year. [23] The dried florets steeped in water are used in rural Italy for curdling goats' milk in preparation for making cheese. It is best cleared from land by hoeing and deep cutting of the taproot before seeds mature; regular cultivation also prevents its establishment. (2007). 5:209 (1835-36). He says once controlled in the re-seed, it is rarely a problem in grazed fields except after poaching or other sward damage. 28 Feb 2017 12:00 am. The plant is a biennial, the stem 1 to 5 feet high, stout and strong, more or less woolly with … Bull thistle is a widespread biennial thistle originally from Europe and Asia, but now introduced throughout North America. Carduus lanceolatus, the Spear Thistle, is one of our most striking and common Thistles. About Children delight in the sticky nature of Cleavers, frequently attaching the angular stems to each other or even their pets. Synonymy: Carduus vulgaris Savi, Fl. Nitrogen-rich soils help increase its proliferation. Altervista Flora Italiana, Cardo asinino. [13] Nitrogen-rich soils help increase its proliferation. The leaves are dark green, rough and hairy on the upper surface, and lighter beneath due to a dense covering of whitish hairs. Its flowers attract insects and its seeds feed birds. Towns and … The inflorescence is 2.5–5 cm diameter, pink-purple, with all the florets of similar form (no division into disc and ray florets). Widespread. Spear Thistle. Citation: Ten., Fl. A very spiny herb to 1.5 m. The stems have thin wings lined with sharp spines. Cirsium vulgare (bull thistle, common thistle, or spear thistle) is listed as a noxious weed in nine US states. thistle) supports the health of joints, tendons, ... Definitions Bull thistle (Cirsium vulgare; formerly Cirsium lanceolatum), alternately known as “spear thistle,” is a biennial wild plant—often castigated as a “weed”—that grows in fields, meadows, pastures, and uncultivated land and usually in moist soil or not far from a body of water. Spear thistle (Cirsium vulgare) buds, Dorset, England, UK, July. Read more about this in the. [13], Spear thistle is designated an "injurious weed" under the UK Weeds Act 1959,[18] and a noxious weed in Australia[17][19][20] and in nine US states. Your email address will not be published. Cirsium vulgare, the spear thistle, bull thistle, or common thistle, is a species of the Asteraceae genus Cirsium, native throughout most of Europe (north to 66°N, locally 68°N), Western Asia (east to the Yenisei Valley), and northwestern Africa (Atlas Mountains). Pl. August 11, 2020 buffalo airways net worth. Spear thistles have flower heads that are bristle like and are coloured pink to purple, and the plant has green, sharp spiny leaves. Required fields are marked *. [17] Seed is also often spread by human activity such as hay bales. Spear Thistle Spear thistles are a biennial or annual thistle plant native to Europe, Asia and Northern Africa. Spear thistle’s form of defence is the most aggressive in Finland: strong, needle-sharp spines on both the leaf-blade margins and along the winged stem, the capitula’s involucral bracts end with a sting and even the surface of the leaves is covered in delicate spines. Spear Thistle (Cirsium vulgare) Spear Thistle also has spiny winged stems but grow taller (to 2m). Stephane Millette and Dave Connelly were among 18 passengers who boarded C-GWIR, a vintage Douglas DC-3 aircraft headed for Hay River on Monday evening. Marsh thistle looks somewhat like spear thistle at an initial glance, but without the large spines and leaf lobes, and usually with a thin, red, leaf margin. Spear Thistle is not easily confused with other wild plants on this web site. Cirsium vulgare. [7][8][9] It is the national flower of Scotland. Its flowers attract insects and its seeds feed birds. The leaves are toothed or lobed with spines at the tips of the teeth or lobes. The seeds are eaten by goldfinches, linnets and greenfinches. Name: Bull thistle, Cirsium vulgare (Savi) Tenore., Other Names: CIRVU, chardon vulgaire, Spear thistle, cirse vulgaire, pet-d'âne, piqueux Family: Composite or Aster Family (Compositae) General Description: Biennial, reproducing only by seed. Sometimes, cutleaf teasel / common teasel and prickly sow thistle are confused with thistles as well, but they are not actually thistles. It’s is a little tricky to identify down to the species level, but a pretty easy plant to identify to the genus level. Spear thistles grow to be 1 to 1.5 metres (3.3 to 5 feet) in height, with flower stems at the end of the branches, and look similar to the well known Scotch thistle or cotton thistle, although they are a different species of plant and have the scientific name Onopordum acanthium. Habitats. It is also naturalised in North America, Africa, and Australia and is an invasive weed in some areas. Grassland. Pest control. [22], The stems can be peeled and then steamed or boiled. There are about 60 species in North America (although many species have been naturalized outside their native ranges). Spear thistle, bank thistle, bird thistle, black thistle, blue thistle, boar thistle, bull thistle, bur thistle, button thistle, common bull thistle, common thistle, Fuller's thistle, green thistle, plume thistle, roadside thistle, Scotch thistle, swamp thistle. Defra, UK – Farming – Wildlife and plants. The prickles often all over the plant – on the stem and flat parts of leaves. 01555067. THISTLE, SPEAR Botanical: Carduus lanceolatus Family: N.O. Spear thistle, (sometimes referred to as 'scotch thistle'), is an annual (living for one year) or biennial (living two years) herb, growing to 60 to 120 cm, and occasionally to 1.5 metres. [2][12][13], Spear thistle is often a ruderal species, colonising bare disturbed ground, but also persists well on heavily grazed land as it is unpalatable to most grazing animals. Thistle Root. Conservatoire et Jardin botaniques & South African National Biodiversity Institute, African Plant Database, "Which flowers are the best source of nectar? There is a magazine visible in pictures taken of McCloskey with his AR -- a twenty rounder from the looks of it -- but there's no proof the magazine had rounds in it. Spear thistles grow to be 1 to 1.5 metres (3.3 to 5 feet) in height, with flower stems at the end of the branches, and look similar to the well known Scotch thistle or cotton thistle, although they are a different species of plant and have the scientific name Onopordum acanthium. An owner worries about her horse eating thistle. It also represents one of the highest honours the country can give an individual. Authorisation Holder: Dow AgroSciences Limited, CPC2 Capital Park, … It is the user's responsibility to check that registration or an off-label permit covers the proposed use. Spear thistles are a biennial or annual thistle plant native to Europe, Asia and Northern Africa. Many folks can recognize the spiny thistle plants of summer field and roadside. A common plant of disturbed ground like roadside verges and field edges, the Spear thistle has purple, fluffy flower heads that appear in summer. One of the easy-to-spot botanical differences between thistles and their numerous relatives in the daisy family, is that the overlapping bracts (involucre) found directly below the flowers of thistles, are always spiny. In its first year, it appears as a basal rosette of easily-broken, bristly, irregularly- An equine nutritionist responds about the risks. Spear thistle plants have been used medicinally and parts of the plant can be made into paper. In areas where it does not form monocultures it may also be welcome as a part of a meadow landscape. The Spear Thistle has flower heads with bright pink florets (tiny flowers) and a ball of spiny bracts (leaf-like structures) that appear from July to October. The spear thistle is biennial (living for two years) and the first year’s growth can be seen from early the following spring. A very spiny herb to 1.5 m. The stems have thin wings lined with sharp spines. Yellow star thistle. The Spear Thistle has flower heads with bright pink florets (tiny flowers) and a ball of spiny bracts (leaf-like structures) that appear from July to October. It has long green leaves (to 35mm) with many small prickles on their upper surface. 2:241 (1798); C. lanceolatus L., Sp. Your efforts to remove the thistle from pastures are well worth your time, but complete eradication is difficult, especially with stressed pasture like you describe. Most posts contain affiliate links. The upper surface of the leaf is rough and hairy. Some farmers, due to its usefulness as part of the natural food chain, may find it useful to allow it to grow in beetle banks. Napolit. It also occurs on roadsides, coastal dunes and in woodland clearings. 5:209 (1835) Conservation Code: Not threatened Naturalised Status: Alien to Western Australia Name Status: Current Brief Description Amanda Spooner, Tuesday 29 April 1997. Spear thistle stems, flowers, roots, and seeds can be eaten and the stems and leaves can be peeled and then steamed or boiled. Each plant lives for 2 years (like ragwort) producing a flatted rosette of leaves in year one and then the familiar ‘tree-like’ structure in year two. The key to 26 invertebrate pest groups that cause serious damage to maize together with accompanying fact sheets. Spear thistle is often a ruderal species, colonising bare disturbed ground, but also persists well on heavily grazed land as it is unpalatable to most grazing animals. Its leaves are grey-green and spiny, and its tall stems are winged, spiny and cottony. Triple Rinse Containers and Invert to Dry at Time of Use. I accept that the fact that ammunition was not found in the house does not mean that Mr. McCloskey didn't in fact have full magazines available at the time he confronted the mob. Considered noxious under the BC Weed Control Act , Canada thistle is commonly found on roadsides, cultivated fields, pastures, logged forests, riverbanks, and other disturbed areas. It sometimes will function as an annual, flowering in the first year. Always read the label and product information before use. [11], It is a tall biennial or short-lived monocarpic thistle, forming a rosette of leaves and a taproot up to 70 cm long in the first year, and a flowering stem 1–1.5 m tall in the second (rarely third or fourth) year. It grows in waste places, by roadsides, in pastures and cultivated ground, and is generally distributed over the whole kingdom. Spear thistle. Spear thistle. Pests, diseases and weeds - Department of Primary Industries. Milk thistle is ... Those who think this ingredient stains the teeth are wrong. The small purple florets are clustered in a dense sphere surrounded by spiny bracts. The seeds are 5 mm long, with a downy pappus, which assists in wind dispersal. Identifying thistles. The supports for pollinators and pest-eating birds could outweigh its drawbacks. Some species in particular are cultivated in gardens and wildflower plantings for their aesthetic value and/or to support pollinators such as butterflies. Free from such pests, they are much more The Spear thistle has flower heads with bright pink florets (tiny flowers) and a ball of spiny bracts (leaf-like structures). Its leaves are grey-green and spiny, and its tall stems are winged, spiny and cottony. The feature that really distinguishes Spear Thistle is its showy purple flowers surrounded by greenish spine tipped bracts. Spear Thistle Fl.Napol. Napolit. Common Name: Bull thistle, (Common thistle, Spear thistle, Scotch thistle, Black thistle, Plume thistle) Scientific Name: Cirsium vulgare Classification: Plantae Phylum or Division: Magnoliophyta (flowering plants) Class: Magnoliopsida (Dicotyledons) Order: Asterales Family: Asteraceae Identification: C. vulgare is a biennial cool-season broadleaf that forms large, coarse plants with spiny leaves, large taproots, … Online Date. [13], Despite this label, the plant has beneficial qualities beyond its very high nectar production. However, to add another positive note, it's a drought-tolerant plant which makes it a great plant to use in very hot (and sometimes dry) places … This stiff-stemmed downy, thistle is extremely spiny and very robust. Thistles will resprout readily if cut down, so it’s best to dig the whole plant up by the root. As in other species of Cirsium (but unlike species in the related genus Carduus), the pappus hairs are feathery with fine side hairs. The small purple florets are clustered in a dense sphere surrounded by spiny bracts. A Lucid Keys and fact sheets to bee genera of East Africa, the most significant pollinator group It produces seeds eaten by the American goldfinch, down from seed pods that is used by those birds for nesting material, and serves as a host plant for the Painted lady butterfly. The stem is winged, with numerous longitudinal spine-tipped wings along its full length. Leaves are deeply divided with lobes terminating in a sharp spine. 2:241 (1798); C. lanceolatus L., Sp. A common plant of disturbed ground like roadside verges and field edges, the Spear thistle has purple, fluffy flower heads that appear in summer. Spear thistles are not used as weapons… but can hurt! Canada thistle (Cirsium arvense) is a root-creeping perennial. Restrictions Pl. Farmland. It can form huge monocultures and is very difficult to eradicate. The leaves are stoutly spined, grey-green, deeply lobed; the basal leaves up to 15–25 cm long, with smaller leaves on the upper part of the flower stem; the leaf lobes are spear-shaped (from which the English name derives). Milk thistle. But thistle is an easy to identify genus and an easy to find plant. It also was a top producer of nectar sugar in another study in Britain, ranked third with a production per floral unit of (2323 ± 418 μg). Thistle is a group of flowering plants which have sharp prickles on around the flower and are in the Asteraceae family. Horses Eating Thistle. Fl. Spiny biennial, herb, 0.05-1.5(-3) m high. It was rated in the top 10 for most nectar production (nectar per unit cover per year) in a UK plants survey conducted by the AgriLand project which is supported by the UK Insect Pollinators Initiative. [citation needed], Other English names include bull thistle,[13][22] Scots, Scottish, or Scotch thistle, and common thistle. Where to find it Colin Varndell. It is one of many genera with the common name being thistles. Cirsium flodmanii - Flodman Thistle, Flodman's Thistle Cirsium foliosum - Drummond's Thistle, Elk Thistle, Leafy Thistle, Meadow Thistle Cirsium fontinale - Fountain Thistle In North America, they don’t have the great complex of insects and diseases that evolved with them overseas. Most of these thistles have a par-ticular niche in the environment that they exploit to their advantage and at the expense of other vegetation. The thistle has been an important symbol of Scottish heraldry for over 500 years. [citation needed], Species of flowering plant in the daisy family Asteraceae. Other genera known as thistles include Carduus, Cynara, Onopordon, and Silybum. Thickets of thistle crowd out forage grasses in pastures and rangelands, reducing crop yields and productivity. Where to find it. It flowers between July and September, producing sweet smelling purple flowers on top of a spiky stalk, the flowers being very attractive to bumble bees. Spear thistle has large, deeply-lobed leaves with large spines at the margins, as well as hairy, spiny stems. Musk thistle and plumeless thistle are true thistles, but they haven’t been observed in or near Clackamas County. ", "Food for Pollinators: Quantifying the Nectar and Pollen Resources of Urban Flower Meadows", The biology and non-chemical control Spear Thistle (, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cirsium_vulgare&oldid=987581482, Articles with dead external links from August 2017, Articles with permanently dead external links, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles with unsourced statements from November 2020, Taxonbars with automatically added basionyms, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 8 November 2020, at 00:02. They are mostly native to Eurasia and northern Africa. Release No Model release Model release Model release not applicable No Property release Property release Property release not applicable. The leaves are dark green, rough and hairy on the upper surface, and lighter beneath due to a dense covering of whitish hairs. Spear thistle, (sometimes referred to as 'scotch thistle'), is an annual (living for one year) or biennial (living two years) herb, growing to 60 to 120 cm, and occasionally to 1.5 metres. Cirsium vulgare, the spear thistle, bull thistle, or common thistle, is a species of the Asteraceae genus Cirsium, native throughout most of Europe (north to 66°N, locally 68°N), Western Asia (east to the Yenisei Valley), and northwestern Africa (Atlas Mountains). Whittlesea's native vegetation. The root is edible, and according to one source, it tastes “like burdock root only better.”While burdock stalks are delicious, I really can’t stand burdock root, and I think it tastes like bitter dirt.Thus, I’m not excited about cooking up a thistle root. Currently you have JavaScript disabled. Flora of North America, Bull or common or spear thistle, gros chardon, chardon vulgaire ou lancéolé, piqueux. PAY ATTENTION TO THE RISK INDICATIONS AND FOLLOW THE SAFETY PRECAUTIONS ON THE LABEL. [15] The seeds are eaten by goldfinches, linnets and greenfinches. Click here for instructions on how to enable JavaScript in your browser. Being a biennial, early in the first year of its life its leaves form a very prickly rosette but by its first birthday it has become a downy plant which supports distinctive deep purple flowerheads (20-30mm), sometimes solitary, sometimes in cluster s. Pis. Please report them if you think you have them. Email me at cris (at) tenrandomfacts (dot) com and ask for a specific topic. This protects the plant against herbivorous animals, stopping them from eating the plant.. Positive: On Apr 6, 2006, Vasyr from Valrico, FL (Zone 9a) wrote: Sure, this plant is quite thorny and pops up everywhere (very quickly, I might add.) It grows in waste places, by roadsides, in pastures and cultivated ground, and … The leaves are toothed or lobed with spines at the tips of the teeth or lobes. Spear thistle is a robust biennial or short-lived monocarpic perennial that can be a serious problem in grassland and waste and cultivated ground throughout the UK. ‘Spear thistles’ are also known as ‘bull thistles’, ‘black thistles’, ‘scotch thistles’ ‘Fuller’s thistles’, ‘swamp thistles’ and ‘common thistles’ among others. Bull Thistle, Spear Thistle Cirsium vulgare is Naturalized to Texas and other States, and is considered an Invasive plant in Texas. [21] Spread is only by seed, not by root fragments as in the related creeping thistle C. arvense. Carduus lanceolatus, the Spear Thistle, is one of our most striking and common Thistles. Bond, W., Davies, G., & Turner, R. J. For this reason, it has many other common names, such as 'Sticky Bobs', 'Stick-a-back' and 'Kisses' (because lovers cling to each other, too). Artichoke Thistle (Cynara cardunculus) The spear thistle is biennial (living for two years) and the first year’s growth can be seen from early the following spring. Although it is intimidating in appearance and can sometimes form large infestations, this thistle is not as challenging to control as many others and is mainly a problem in hay fields and pastures. Spear thistles are classified as a noxious and an environmental weed in some countries, and is a particular problem in Australia, parts of the United States and the United Kingdom. [10] Marsh thistle, Cirsium palustre, was ranked in first place while this thistle was ranked in sixth place. Part of. Some species in particular are cultivated in gardens and wildflower plantings for their aesthetic value and/or to support pollinators such as butterflies. The tap roots can be eaten raw or cooked, but are only palatable on young thistles that have not yet flowered. Citation: Ten., Fl. Its leaves are grey-green and spiny, and its tall stems are winged, spiny and cottony. [16] The seeds are dispersed by wind, mud, water, and possibly also by ants; they do not show significant long-term dormancy, most germinating soon after dispersal and only a few lasting up to four years in the soil seed bank. Spear thistles flower during spring to autumn, but only in their second year of growth. In order to post comments, please make sure JavaScript and Cookies are enabled, and reload the page. Images and key identification characteristics of the different members of the Thistle family of British wild flowers According to O’Donovan Spear Thistle only spreads by seed. Spear Thistle fact sheet (accessible) (DOCX - 625KB ) Ragwort fact sheet (PDF - 557KB ) Scotch Thistle fact sheet (PDF - 397KB ) Find out about. Synonymy: Carduus vulgaris Savi, Fl. [14] The flowers are a rich nectar source used by numerous pollinating insects, including honey bees, wool-carder bees, and many butterflies. Photographer. Pis. What all these species have in common are those painfully spiny leaves and large heads of purple (or more … Spear thistles typically grow in sunny open areas, such as paddocks and fields. Spear thistles have the scientific name Cirsium vulgare and they are from the family Asteraceae, the family of asters, sunflowers and daisies. Flowers heads appear from July to September with lilac-purple florets. Spear thistle. Spear thistle. Image number. Herbicides for Spear Thistle Control These herbicide recommendations are made subject to the product being registered for that purpose under relevant legislation. [2][3][4][5][6] It is also naturalised in North America, Africa, and Australia and is an invasive weed in some areas. And for goldfinch, well, it is one of their favorite foods. Click here for instructions on how to enable JavaScript in your browser. Availability World wide. This stiff-stemmed downy, thistle is extremely spiny and very robust. It's almost impossible to misidentify a thistle. It is frequent on unsown set-aside land and seems to have increased since the 1960s. For Control of Creeping Thistle and Spear Thistle in Established Grassland Use plant protection products safely. Visit Ten Random Facts's profile on Pinterest. Common name(s): Bull thistle, spear thistle Scientific name: Cirsium vulgare Family: Sunflower or Aster family (Asteraceae) Reasons for concern: This aggressive and persistent species can quickly take over both disturbed and unattended areas, and outcompete native species, reducing plant diversity and wildlife habitat. Compositae---Parts Used---Root, leaves. The plant provides a great deal of nectar for pollinators. Always read the herbicide label. The seeds are dispersed by wind, mud, water, and possibly also by ants; they do not show significant long-term dor…
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